Closing costs are a necessary part of a real estate transaction. But these fees differ depending on which side of the table you sit. Buyers have a greater number of closing costs compared to the seller, however some of these fees are often negotiated in the real estate deal. (For instance, a seller may agree to contribute a certain amount towards the buyer’s closing costs.) Read on for a breakdown on the fees appearing on the buyer’s side of the Closing Disclosure (CD) form.
Understanding Buyer’s Closing Costs
According to Realtor.com, closing costs are usually between 2% and 7% of the amount of the home. These costs also vary based on the type of mortgage you choose or for which you qualify.
Buyer’s closing costs typically include the following items:
- Loan Application: Amount varies per lender, and covers the administrative cost of processing your loan application.
- Home Appraisal: Applies to every real estate transaction involving a lender, and provides an objective estimate of the fair market value of the home.
- Land Survey: Optional – only ordered upon request by a buyer or agent. Describes the boundaries and other pertinent details of the property.
- Credit Report Review: Charged by the lender to ensure good credit status.
- Flood Determination: Performed by the lender to determine if the property falls within a flood zone.
- Flood Elevation Certificate: May be required if it’s determined that the property is, in fact, located within a flood zone.
- Attorney Fee: Applies only if you hire an attorney versus a settlement company to handle your closing.
- Homeowner’s Insurance: Applies to every transaction with a lender.
- Flood Insurance: Often required if the property is located within a high risk flood zone.
- HOA Assessment: Charged if the property is part of a homeowners’ association, and is typically prorated.
- Prepaid Interest (Loan Discount Points): The amount of interest that accrues between your closing date and the first loan payment. Loan discount points reduce the interest rate on your mortgage.
- Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI): Typically required if the down payment is less than 20 percent. Certain mortgage products require PMI for the life of the loan.
- Lender’s Title Insurance: Protects the lender’s interest if title problems arise surrounding the property.
- Origination Fee: Charged by the lender, and covers the cost of creating the home loan.
- Courier Fee: Amount charged by some lenders for document delivery throughout the real estate transaction.
- Recording Fee: Varies by city or county, and charged for public recording of the real estate sale.
- Transfer Taxes: Charged by the city, state or county to cover the cost of transferring title on a property.
- Underwriting Fees: Amount charged by the lender to evaluate in depth your ability to repay the home loan for which you’ve applied.
- Title Company Closing Fee: Amount charged by the title company to conduct the real estate transaction.
*Some types of mortgages may include fees specific to those products. Closing fees and their amounts may vary per state and/or municipality.
Have questions on how closing costs are determined, or about the settlement process in general? We’re happy to help! Call Linear Title & Escrow at (757) 340-0340 today.



Buying a home is an exciting venture, whether it’s the first time or the fifth. It takes a certain amount of strategizing, from finding the perfect location to getting your offer accepted. Once approved for your home loan, the last step is to lock in your rate and count the days until your closing date. But when is the best time to close on a home? Is there a certain time that works more to your advantage?



